{"id":475,"date":"2025-03-05T12:07:32","date_gmt":"2025-03-05T09:07:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.profdrelifaksoy.com\/en\/?p=475"},"modified":"2025-04-15T12:05:47","modified_gmt":"2025-04-15T09:05:47","slug":"tiroid-kanserleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.profdrelifaksoy.com\/en\/tiroid-kanserleri\/","title":{"rendered":"Thyroid Cancers"},"content":{"rendered":"

The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped organ located in the front of the neck. It regulates the body’s metabolism by producing the hormones T3 (Triiodothyronine) and T4 (Thyroxine). Thyroid cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when cells in the thyroid grow uncontrollably and is the most common cancer in the endocrine system.<\/p>\n

Thyroid cancer is highly treatable when diagnosed early!<\/strong><\/p>\n

Types of Thyroid Cancer<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Papillary Thyroid Cancer (Most Common \u2013 80\u201385%)<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  • The most frequently seen type of thyroid cancer.<\/li>\n
  • Grows slowly and generally has a good prognosis.<\/li>\n
  • May spread to lymph nodes but responds well to treatment.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Follicular Thyroid Cancer<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    • Has a higher risk of spreading through the bloodstream (metastasis).<\/li>\n
    • May spread to distant organs such as bones and lungs.<\/li>\n
    • Generally responds well to radioactive iodine therapy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Medullary Thyroid Cancer<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \n
      • Originates from cells in the thyroid that produce the hormone calcitonin.<\/li>\n
      • Can be hereditary (genetic).<\/li>\n
      • Has a higher risk of spreading to lymph nodes and the lungs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer (Most Aggressive \u2013 1%)<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \n
        • The fastest-growing and most aggressive type.<\/li>\n
        • Has a low response rate to treatment.<\/li>\n
        • Can rapidly affect the airways, leading to difficulty breathing.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          The type of thyroid cancer is the key factor in determining disease progression and treatment planning.<\/p>\n

          Symptoms of Thyroid Cancer<\/strong><\/h2>\n

          Thyroid cancer may not show symptoms in the early stages. However, in advanced stages, the following symptoms may occur:<\/p>\n

            \n
          • A painless, firm lump or swelling in the neck<\/li>\n
          • Difficulty swallowing and breathing<\/li>\n
          • Hoarseness or changes in voice<\/li>\n
          • A feeling of fullness in the throat<\/li>\n
          • Cough and unexplained throat pain<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            The majority of thyroid nodules are benign, but a rapidly growing nodule may indicate thyroid cancer.<\/p>\n

            Diagnosis of Thyroid Cancer<\/strong><\/h2>\n

            Early diagnosis significantly improves treatment success!<\/strong><\/p>\n

            Physical Examination and Thyroid Ultrasound:<\/strong><\/p>\n

              \n
            • Used to assess the size, shape, and structure of thyroid nodules.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy (FNAB):<\/strong><\/p>\n

                \n
              • Cells from a suspicious nodule are examined under a microscope to determine if they are cancerous.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                Blood Tests:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \n
                • Thyroid function tests (TSH, T3, T4) are evaluated.<\/li>\n
                • Calcitonin levels are measured in cases of suspected medullary thyroid cancer.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  Imaging Techniques (CT, MRI, PET Scan):<\/strong><\/p>\n

                    \n
                  • Used to evaluate cancer spread and lymph node involvement.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                    If the biopsy results are benign, the patient is monitored. If malignant, a treatment plan is developed.<\/p>\n

                    Treatment Methods for Thyroid Cancer<\/strong><\/h2>\n

                    Treatment depends on the type and extent of the cancer.<\/p>\n

                    Surgical Treatment (Thyroid Removal \u2013 Thyroidectomy)<\/strong><\/p>\n

                      \n
                    • Depending on the tumor size, part or all of the thyroid may be removed.<\/li>\n
                    • If the tumor has spread beyond the thyroid, lymph nodes in the neck may also be removed.<\/li>\n
                    • After surgery, lifelong thyroid hormone replacement therapy (Levothyroxine) is required to compensate for the loss of hormone production.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                      Radioactive Iodine (RAI) Therapy<\/strong><\/p>\n

                        \n
                      • Used to destroy remaining cancer cells after thyroid surgery.<\/li>\n
                      • Especially effective in papillary and follicular thyroid cancers.<\/li>\n
                      • Patients may be isolated during treatment due to radiation exposure risks.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                        Hormone Suppression Therapy<\/strong><\/p>\n

                          \n
                        • Aims to prevent recurrence of cancer by administering thyroid hormone medication.<\/li>\n
                        • TSH levels are kept low to inhibit the growth of cancer cells.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                          Chemotherapy and Targeted Therapies<\/strong><\/h3>\n

                          Used in anaplastic or advanced medullary thyroid cancers.<\/p>\n

                          Drugs are given to inhibit the growth of cancer cells.<\/p>\n

                          The course of treatment varies depending on the patient\u2019s age, general health, and type of cancer.<\/p>\n

                          Post-Treatment Follow-Up and Lifestyle Recommendations<\/strong><\/h2>\n

                          After thyroid cancer treatment, patients should be regularly monitored!<\/p>\n

                          Regular Thyroid Hormone Testing:<\/strong><\/h3>\n
                            \n
                          • TSH, T3, and T4 levels should be checked periodically.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                            Radiological Monitoring:<\/strong><\/h3>\n
                              \n
                            • Ultrasound and PET scans should be performed to monitor for nodules and lymph node enlargement.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                              Healthy Lifestyle:<\/strong><\/h3>\n
                                \n
                              • Iodine balance should be maintained.<\/li>\n
                              • A healthy diet and regular exercise are recommended.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                Thyroid cancer has a high cure rate when diagnosed early and treated appropriately!<\/p>\n

                                Conclusion and Recommendations<\/strong><\/h3>\n

                                When detected early, thyroid cancer has a very high success rate.<\/p>\n

                                  \n
                                • If you notice a growing lump or nodule in your neck, consult a doctor!<\/li>\n
                                • Have regular thyroid checkups to increase your chances of early detection!<\/li>\n
                                • Maintain thyroid health with a balanced diet and proper iodine intake!<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                  Remember, early diagnosis saves lives!<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                  Prof. Dr. Elif Aksoy<\/strong>
                                  \nENT Specialist \u2013 Endocrine Surgery<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                                  The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped organ located in the front of the neck. It regulates the body’s metabolism by producing the hormones T3 (Triiodothyronine) and T4 (Thyroxine). Thyroid cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when cells in the thyroid grow uncontrollably and is the most common cancer in the endocrine system. Thyroid […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":485,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13,8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-475","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-head-and-neck-cancers","category-ent-diseases-and-treatment"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.profdrelifaksoy.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/475","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.profdrelifaksoy.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.profdrelifaksoy.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.profdrelifaksoy.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.profdrelifaksoy.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=475"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.profdrelifaksoy.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/475\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":793,"href":"https:\/\/www.profdrelifaksoy.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/475\/revisions\/793"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.profdrelifaksoy.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/485"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.profdrelifaksoy.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=475"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.profdrelifaksoy.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=475"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.profdrelifaksoy.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=475"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}