Cochlear Implant (Bionic Ear): An Advanced Solution for Hearing Loss
What is a Cochlear Implant?
A cochlear implant is a hearing prosthesis developed for individuals with severe to profound hearing loss. Also known as a bionic ear, this device is used in patients who do not benefit sufficiently from hearing aids.
A cochlear implant consists of two main components: internal and external.
- Internal component: Electrodes and a receiver-stimulator system surgically placed in the inner ear (cochlea).
- External component: Attached 4-6 weeks after surgery; includes a processor that captures sound through a microphone and sends signals to the internal part.
This system converts sounds from the environment into electrical signals and transmits them to the brain via the auditory nerve.
Who is a Candidate for Cochlear Implants?
- Individuals with severe hearing loss who gain little or no benefit from hearing aids
- Children born with hearing loss who need early intervention for speech development
- Adults who develop hearing loss due to meningitis, trauma, sudden hearing loss, or inner ear disorders
Cochlear implants cannot be used in individuals without an auditory nerve or with severely damaged cochlear structures.
How is Cochlear Implant Surgery Performed?
- Performed under general anesthesia
- Electrodes are placed into the cochlea and the receiver device is implanted behind the ear
- After the healing process, the external processor is fitted and activated
Postoperative Process
- Initial adjustments and activation must be done by an audiologist and ENT specialist
- Speech therapy and rehabilitation are especially critical for children
- Regular check-ups are required to assess the performance of the implant
Advantages of Cochlear Implants
- An effective solution for those who do not benefit from conventional hearing aids
- Supports speech and language development in children
- Prevents social isolation and improves quality of life
- Can be applied bilaterally in patients with hearing loss in both ears
Conclusion
Cochlear implants offer an innovative hearing solution for individuals with profound hearing loss. With early diagnosis and proper rehabilitation in suitable candidates, both hearing and speech abilities can be significantly improved.
Prof. Dr. Elif Aksoy
ENT Specialist – Hearing Loss and Cochlear Implant Surgery
